Friction shock-absorbing mechanism



March 24, 1925.

J. F. ofCoNNoR FRICTION SHOCK ABSORBING MEGHANISM Match 24, 1925.-

' 1,530,736 J. F. ocoNNoR FRICTION SHOCK ABSORBING MECHANISM Original Filed July 9, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Mar. 24, 192e.

UNITED STATES ienne JOHN r. ocoNNoR, or calorico, ILLINOIS, assreNoR, BY Masiva assreNinnNrsac W. H. MINER,1Nc.,A conroaarroN ornnnf-iwann.'

FRICTION SHOGK-ABSORBING MECHANNISM. y

Application mea July e, 1923, sei-iai No. 650,210. aenweaV september 4, 1924.

To all 'whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, JoHN F. OCoNNon, a citizen of the United States, residing at Ghicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Friction Shock-Absorbing Mechanisms, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specifica tion.

This invention relates to improvements in friction shoclcabsorbing mechanisms.

One object of the invention is to provide pecially adapted for railway drift riggings, wherein are obtained high capacity, certain release, and a relatively easy or low resist ance preliminary action for predetermined distance followed by a high resistance duringthe remainder of the compression stroke.

A specific object of the invention is to provide a mechanism of the character indicated employing a friction unit having elements which, in part, are provided with blunt angle releasing wedge faces and, in part, provided with relatively keen wedge angle faces, the latter becoming effective only after a predetermined preliminary action.

A further specific object of the invention :is to provide, in a mechanism of the character indicated, a friction shell, friction slices,

a pressure transmitting wedge, and auxiliary wedge shoe elements between the pressure transmitting wedge and the friction shoes, said vauxiliary elements functioning as friction shoes proper during the preliminary part of the stroke and later as true acting wedges. f The invention furthermore consists in the improvements in the parts and devices and in the novel combinations of the parts and devices herein shown, described and made the subject of the claims. In the drawings forming a part ofthis specification, Figure 1 is a horizontal, -longitudinal, sectional view of aportion of a railway draft rigging showing my improvements in connection therewith. VIn this fgure the section through the friction elements corresponds to two intersecting planes at 120 apart.V Fig 2 is a front end elevation of the mechanism proper. Fig. "3 is a vertical transverse section of the mechanism proper corresponding to the line 3-3 of a friction shock absorbing mechanism, es

Fig. 1. `And Figures 4L and 5 are detailed perspectives of one of the friction shoes and onel of the auxiliary elements, respectively.;

In said drawings, 10-10 denote the usual draft sills of a car under-frame tothe inner faces of which are secured front and rear stops lugs 11%11 of well known construction. Aportion of a draw-bar is indicated at 12, the same being operatively associated with thefriction shock absorbing mechanism proper by a hooded cast yoke` 13 withiir which is disposed saidmechanism and front and rear main followerspl/l: and 15. The

yoke and parts therewithin are supported in operative position4 by detachable saddle plate 16. 'The friction. mechanism is of that character employing a substantial cylindrin n cal shell and in orderl to maintain it in central position I preferably employ guide plates 174-17 securedl to the. inner faces of Y the draft sills.` The improved shock absorbing mechanism comprises, broadly, a combined friction shell and spring cage castingA; a spring resist-` ance B; three friction shoes C-eCarrangedQ in a circular series; laV pressure transmittingll wedge I); three auxiliary wedge shoe ele-v ments E-E: a spring follower Fganda retainer bolt G. c

The casting A, as heretofore mentioned, is of substantial cylindricalv form throughout with the friction shell properlS formed atV its front or outer end and thespring cage proper 19 rearwardly thereof. Said casti ing has an integral rear wall 2O` abutting the` rear follower 15. provided on the interior thereof with three independent cylindric friction surfaces 21 21', each extending through an arc of approximately 120 and symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis ofthe shell. Said surfaces 21 are convergedinwardly yof thefshell and, preferably, merge at` their inner ends to constitute a complete circle. Y

They three friction shoes are of like con-` struction, each havingr an outer cylindric friction surface 22 extending through an arc of approximately V12,0" and an enlarge ment 23 on its inner side. The rear end of said enlargement provides a bearing face 24. to engage the spring followerl F. On its in ner side, the enlargement 23 is formed with a longitudinally extendingfriction surface 25 of arcuate contour andv forwardly there- .of Ysaid enlargement has an inclined wedge The shell proper 18 is face 26, Forwardly of the Wedge. face v2o,

each shoe has a longitudinally extending cylindric inner friction surface 27, as best indicated in Figures l anda. c y

The Wedge D is preferably in the form of a cored east block having` an outer or front transverse bearing face28 engaging-thefollower 14 and, at its inner end, provided with three symmetrically arranged Wedge. faces 29-29.

The auxiliary elements E, three in numbel` and of like construction, are formed with an outer cylindric friction surface; 30 nearr the frontf or outer end thereof', and with a smaller cylindric frtion surfaccg3`1 near the inner end thereof and on the outer side. Between the eyflindric surfaces 30,and 313V each ,element E is provided ivithan outer as the shoe wedge faces' 2G. side; each element E provided With anads' ditional' wedge' face 33 extending. at the same angle as and (fo-'operable with the `corv` respondingface 29"of"'the WedgeDi. 'The' 'innerends of the elements ll are leftflat as indicated at 34 to provide hearing surfaces engagingja central bossY 35 formed' on the front side of the spring follower F. As, clearly. shown in Figure' 1, thespring` B` is interposedbetween thefolloiver F and fthe rear end of the casting A. Thepartsiare' held. in assembled relationA and thef` spring under initialv compression by the retainerv bolt' G which is anchored atflts rear: endAv Within a hollow boss integral Withthe cast-`v ing 1A; and, anchoredfat its front end 'Withinf the cored openingv of theK WedgerD;

In carrying out my invention, the eooperating` sets of friction surfaces v27a-nd 80 and 25` and-'31 ofthe shoes and'aufXi-liary elements E will Vpreferablybe` convergedi1 l1n-A Wardly of `the.- shelly at the rsame'v angle as the'sh'ell' friction rsurfaces- 421. Furthermore,I in the normal .or full release condition ofr the parts,` a space will be leftK4 between the sets'of wedge'faces 32 and 2G of theeleincnts E and shoes (l, respectively. As Will'also'4 be clear. from an inspection of Figurel,

theangl-e which'saidivedgefaees 32 and 26 malte` With thef'axis ofv the mechanismx is very muchikeener than"th'e angle madewbythe bluntreleasingVT angle Wedgei faces 29-V theZ-W'edgefae'es of theeleme-ntsE` and shoes As the drawLbarfandiV front follower'f operative.y engagement; f'

'274430 and 25-'31, th'efauxiliary elements 80 E will be girona differential action causing them to approach each' otherlaterallyduringv the' preliminary part4 ofithe4 compres` sion' stroke. 'lfhispreliminary actioncontinues until thee'wedgefaces132-ofthezau-Xih 85 iary elements E engage with the Wedge faces 26 of thefsh'ocsY at whichrvtime'V saidfsets of Wedge faces become effective,`- thus1 changing from a vblunt angle wedgefelfectftoa keen angle wedge effect: foi'vtlre' balance 'of the .90 comln'ession-fstroke.A Upon removal ofthek actuating pressure, itf'is obvious that the blunt angle Wedge D Willfreadily disengagc itself` from or Y collapsef with'- respect to= the auxiliary elements'E.V Thereupon the latter' 95' are free to lcolla-pse'ivithrespect-to the shoesy C and the spring/B finally're-aets to project all oftlie partsoutwar'dlyto their norma'lf full 'rele-ase position;- f

lith-aconstructionsuch as described; itl 100 is evidentfthat thefresistancef offered during-` the preliminary part`yl off. 'theA com-pression stroke is-veryf-much less than"thatbfferedE during the balance Oiff th'e co1npression-- stroke, so'thatf I'- amv enabled-to obtain*k an 1,05f Yeasyvsmooth yandwr graduated action,V with nisnn the combination i with av4 friction shell f having interior opposedrfrietion surfaces of a springyres-istanee; Wedge frictionshoeseoi operable 'iv-ith? the shell friction sur-faces; pressure transmitting means l lia-ving wedge faces; `and fauxiliaryfelemen tsinterposed be-` tWee-n said means` a-ndfsl-ioes-lhaving Wedge` faces .y co-.operable with' those ofrsafid means' 125 andfvvith thoseof said shoes,vsaid elements` and'` shoes havin-gaalso eo-operablefriction surfaces' independent of, thel f co-operable Wedgeffaceathe/latter beingmorma-llyront off 1 of a spring resistance; wedge friction shoes co-operable with the shell friction surfaces;

a pressure transmitting central wedge; and auxiliary elements interposed between said wedge and shoes having wedge faces engaging and co-operating with those of said wedge and having also additional vwedge faces adapted to co-operate with those ofthe shoes, the latter being normally out of` engagement, said elements and slices 'having also co-operable friction surfaces extending lengthwise of the shell.

3. In a friction shock absorbing mechanism, the combinationwith Va friction shell having interior opposed friction surfaces; of a spring resistance; wedge friction shoes co-operable with the shell friction surfaces; pressure transmitting means having Wedge faces; and auxiliary elements interposed between said means and shoes having wedge faces co-operable with those of said means and with those of said slices, said elements and shoes having also co-operable friction surfaces independent of the co-operable wedge faces, the latter being normally out of operative engagement, the co-operating wedge faces of said means and elements ex tending at one angle with respect to the axis of the she-ll and the co-operating Wedge faces of said elements and shoesl extending at a keener angle with respect to the axis of the mechanism.

4. In a friction shock absorbing mechanism, the combination with a friction shell having interior opposed friction surfaces; of a spring resistance; wedge friction shoes co-operable with the shell friction surfaces; a pressure transmitting central wedge; and auxiliary elements interposed between said wedge and shoes having wedge faces engaging and co-operating with those of said wedge and having also additional wedge faces adapted to co-operate with those of the shoes, the latter being normally out of engagement, said elements and shoes having also cci-operable friction surfaces extending lengthwise of the shell, the co-operating wedge faces of said wedge and elements extending at a blunter angle with respect to the axis of the mechanism than the co-operk ating wedge faces of said elements and shoes.

5. In a friction shock absorbing mechah nism, the combination with a member having` longitudinally extending friction sur faces; of a spring resistance; wedge friction slices co-operable with the said friction sur faces of said member; pressure transmitting means having wedge faces; and auxiliary elements interposed between said means and shoes having wedge faces co-operable with those of said means and wedge faces co-operable with those of said shoes, said elements and slices having also co-opeiable friction surfaces independent Vof the co-operable. wedge faces, the latter'being'ineffective at the initiation of a compression stroke.

6. In a friction shock absorbinginechanisin,v the combination with a friction shell having interior opposed friction surfaces; of a spring resistance; wedge frietion'shoescov operable with the shell friction surfaces; pressure transn'iitting means having wedge faces; and auxiliary elements interposed between said means and slices having wedge faces co-operable with those of saidmeans and with those of said shoes, said elen'ients and shoeshaving also co-operable friction surfaces independent of the vcri-operable wedge faces, the latter being normally lout of operative engagement, 'said co-operating friction surfaces of said elements and shoes and co-operatingV friction surfaces of the shoes and shell being'converged inwardly of the shell.

7. In a friction shock absorbing mecha-4 nism, the' combination with a. friction shell having 'interior opposed friction surfaces; of a spring resistance; wedge friction shoes co-operable with the shell friction surfaces; pressure transn'iitting means having wedge faces; and auxiliary elements interposed be tween said means and slices having wedge Vfaces-cooperable with those of said means and with those of said shoes, said elements and shoes having also co-operable friction surfaces independent of the co-operable wedge faces, the latter being normally out of operative engagement, said co-operating friction surfaces of said elements and shoes being converged inwardly ofthe shell.

8. In a friction shock absorbing mecha-k nism, the combination with a friction'shell havinginterior opposed friction surfaces; of a spring resistance; wedge friction shoes co-operable with the shell friction surfaces; pressure transmitting means having wedge faces; and auxiliary elements interposed between said means and shoes having wedge faces co-operable with those of said means and with those of said shoes, said elements and shoes having also co-operable friction surfaces independent of the co-operable wedge faces, the latter being normally out of operative engagement, the frictionsurfaces of the shoes and shell being converged inwardly of the shell.

9. In a friction shock absorbing mechanism, the combination with a column acting member having longitudinally arranged friction surfaces thereon; of a spring re-A sistance; a plurality of relatively keen angle wedge friction shoes co-operable with said surfaces ofsaid member; a single pressure transmitting member having relatively blunt angle wedge faces; and auxiliary elements interposed between said member and shoes, each of said elements having wedge faces correspondingly inclined to and co-opeiable with the wedge faces of said .member and slices, respectively, said elements hz'ivingalsoV friction surfaces co-operable` With corresponding friction surfaces of said shoes.

l0. In -a friction shock absorbing mechanism, the combination With a friction shell having interior cylindric friction surfaces converged inwardly ofthe shell; ofa'plu: rality of co-operating friction shoes, each of the latter having longitudinally spaced and laterally olf-.set friction surfaces on the inner side lthereof with an intermediate Wedge face, the friction surfaces of the shoes being converged inwardly lof the shell; a spring resistance; a pressure ytransmitting Wedge having blunt'angle Wedge faces; and a plurality of auxiliary elements interposed between said Wedge and slices, each ofpsaid elements having, on its outer side, longitudinally separated and off-setY friction surfaces and an intermediate Wedge face cooperable with the corresponding surfaces and facesof the shoes, said elements having also inner Wedge faces co-operable With .the Wedge faces of said Wedge.

1l. Ina friction shock absorbingniechanisin, the combination with a friction shell having interior cylindric friction surfaces converged inwardly ofthe shell-5 of a plural ity of co-operatingfriction shoes, each of Vthelatter having longitudinaliy spaced and laterally off-set friction surfaces on the inner side thereof `With an intermediate Wedge face, the friction surfaces of the shoes being converged inwardly of the shell; va spring resistance; a pressure transmitting Wedge having blunt angle Wedge faces; and

a. plurality of auxiliary elements interposed A between said Wedge and shoes, each of said elements having, on its outer side,longiy tudinally separated and off-set friction surfaces -and an intermediate'ivedge face coopera-ble with the corresponding surfaces and faces ofthe slices, saidelen'ients having also inner Wedge faces co-operableA lwith the f JOHN r. ocoNNoR.

Vitnesses:

' 'FRANCES SAVAGE,

HARRIETTE M. BEAMER. 

